条锈病是我国小麦的最重要病害。在1950年和1964年两次全国范围的大流行,小麦损失分别达到120亿斤和60亿斤。建国以来,党和政府对条锈病防治工作非常重视。早在1950年就召开了小麦锈病会议,制订了研究和防治方案。1964年5月,敬爱的周总理作了专门指示:“今后必须继续观察,继续研究,继续通过防治锈病的实践,改进工作,提高效益,以达到最后消灭锈病的目的。”19 Stripe rust is the most important disease of wheat in our country. In 1950 and 1964, two nationwide pandemics hit 12 billion kilograms of wheat and 6 billion kilograms of wheat respectively. Since the founding of the People’s Republic, the party and the government attach great importance to the prevention and control of stripe rust. As early as 1950 wheat rust meeting was convened, developed a research and prevention programs. In May 1964, Dear Premier Zhou made a special instruction: “In the future, we must continue to observe and continue our research to continue to work on rust prevention and improve our work efficiency to achieve the ultimate elimination of rust.” 19