为研究配水管网水中细菌活性的变化规律,以北方某市试验室模拟配水管网为对象,应用荧光显微镜对经吖啶橙染色的细菌进行直接镜检并计数,以更准确地对细菌活性进行定量分析.以活菌数占细菌总数的比值来表征整体细菌活性,并研究多种因素对配水管网水中细菌活性的影响.结果表明,吖啶橙染色荧光显微镜直接镜检应用于管网水中细菌计数能够快速得到较稳定的结果,计数结果重现性好.试验水样中的活菌数10~3~10~4cells·m L~(-1),细菌总数10~4~10~5cells·m L~(-1).管网水中整体细菌活性与水温、浊度和流速都存在正相关关系;与运行稳定后的水中余氯存在负相关关系.模拟配水管网水中常见形态的细菌对次氯酸钠消毒剂的耐受能力依次为:短杆形菌>球形菌>长杆形菌>弧形菌,并且杆形菌恢复活性和再繁殖的能力较强.夏季水样中短杆形菌多于冬季. In order to study the variation of bacterial activity in water distribution network, aiming at the simulated water distribution network in a certain city in northern China, the bacteria stained with acridine orange were directly examined and counted by fluorescence microscopy to more accurately evaluate the activity of bacteria The total bacterial activity was characterized by the ratio of the number of viable bacteria to the total number of bacteria and the effect of various factors on the bacterial activity in water distribution network was studied.The results showed that acridine orange staining fluorescence microscopy direct microscopy applied to the pipe network The count of bacteria in water can get more stable results quickly and the counting result has good reproducibility.The total number of viable bacteria in test water samples is 10 ~ 3 ~ 10 ~ 4cells · m L -1, the total number of bacteria is 10 ~ 4 ~ 10 ~ 5cells · m L -1 .The overall bacterial activity in the pipe network water had a positive correlation with water temperature, turbidity and flow rate, and had a negative correlation with the residual chlorine in the water after the operation was stable. Bacteria to sodium hypochlorite disinfectant capacity were: Brevibacterium acnes> spherical bacteria> actinomycetes> arc bacteria, and Bacilli ability to reactivate and reproduce strong summer water samples in the short rod More bacteria than winter.