18世纪法国古典政治经济学中的重农学派,是经济学发展史上占有重要地位的一个经济学派。马克思曾指出,重农学派把理论研究的中心从流通领域转到生产过程,从生产中而不是流通中引出价值和剩余价值,从而为分析资本主义奠定了基础,使现代政治经济学有可能成为一门科学。因此,马克思称他们是“现代政治经济学的真正鼻祖”。马克思(《剩余价值论》1975年版,第15页)然而,重农学派是怎样达到这一点的?从现有经济思想史著述来 The 18th century French classical political economy in the agrarian school, is an economic school occupies an important position in the history of an economic school. Marx once pointed out that the agronomists shifted the center of theoretical research from circulation to production and from the production rather than the circulation of capital to derive value and surplus value. This laid the foundation for the analysis of capitalism and made it possible for modern political economy to become A science. Therefore, Marx calls them “the true originator of modern political economy.” Marx (“The Theory of Value”, 1975, p. 15) However, how did the School of Agriculture achieve this? From the history of existing economic thoughts