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目的:了解常州市新生儿听力障碍的发生率及相关的高危因素。方法:对2 241例在常州市妇幼保健院出生的新生儿用瞬态诱发耳声发射(transit evoked otoacoustic emission,TEOAE)进行听力筛查初筛,未通过者于生后30～42天进行复筛,复筛两次未通过者于月龄满3个月时采用脑干听觉诱发电位(brainstem auditory evoked potential,BAEP)进行确诊。结果:初筛通过率为68.41%,复筛通过率为87.15%,正常儿童听力障碍发生率为0.13%,高危新生儿听力障碍发生率为1.34%。新生儿窒息、新生儿黄疸和早产儿为高危因素前3位。结论:高危新生儿是听力障碍的高发人群,因此应加强高危新生儿的听力筛查工作,以便能早期发现、早期诊断、早期治疗。
Objective: To understand the incidence of neonatal hearing disorders and related risk factors in Changzhou City. Methods: A total of 2141 neonates born in Changzhou MCH hospital were screened for hearing screening with transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE). Those who failed to pass the test at 30-42 days after birth Screening, re-screening twice Failure of at least 3 months of age using brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) were diagnosed. Results: The screening rate of primary screening was 68.41%, the rate of secondary screening was 87.15%, the incidence of hearing impairment in normal children was 0.13%, and the incidence of high-risk neonatal hearing impairment was 1.34%. Neonatal asphyxia, neonatal jaundice and preterm infants are the top 3 risk factors. Conclusion: High-risk neonates are a high risk group of hearing-impaired children. Therefore, hearing screening should be strengthened in high-risk neonates to enable early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.