高产历来是水稻栽培和育种及有关基础理论研究的主要目标。特别是对我国这样一个人口众多,土地资源并不丰富的国家来说,高产更有其特殊重要性。目前我国许多地区的水稻单产都已达到相当高水平,在此基础上如何使水稻单产跃上一个新台阶,这是稻作理论与实践上一个亟待探索研究的问题。杨守仁等(1987)指出水稻育种进入了一个新阶段,理想株形与优势利用相结合即形态与机能兼顾是一步提高单产——超高产的必由之路。嗣后又进一步提出优化性状组配等观点。日本学者也认为从株形与光合特性两方面入手,有可能大幅度提高群体光合速率与产量。此外,还有生态育种、生理育 High yield has always been the main goal of rice cultivation and breeding and related basic theoretical research. In particular, for a country such as ours, a country with a large population and scarce land resources, its high yield is even more of special importance. At present, the yield of paddy in many areas of our country has reached a quite high level. On this basis, how to make paddy yield rise to a new level is an issue that urgently needs to be explored in the theory and practice of rice cultivation. Yang Shou-Ren et al. (1987) pointed out that rice breeding has entered a new stage. The combination of ideal plant shape and superior utilization, that is, the combination of form and function, is the only way to increase yield per unit yield - the only way for super-high yield. Later, further proposed optimization of traits and other groups point of view. Japanese scholars also believe that from the plant shape and photosynthetic characteristics of both start, it is possible to significantly improve the population photosynthesis rate and yield. In addition, there are ecological breeding, physiological education