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[目的]确定麻疹疑似病例的诊断和麻疹病原毒株的基因分型,为麻疹的预防提供科学理论依据。[方法]采集麻疹疑似病人的血清和病人的咽拭子标本,检测麻疹抗体和分离麻疹病毒。用ELISA法检测麻疹抗体,用酚-氯仿抽提法提取病毒悬液中的RNA,逆转录—聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增N碳末端的核苷酸450个(bp)片段。对扩增产物进行序列测定和基因分型。[结果]从110份麻疹疑似病例中检测出69份麻疹抗体阳性,同时从该69例病人的咽拭子中分离出19株H1基因型麻疹病毒,其中H1a亚型14株,H1b亚型5株。[结论]最近几年我市的麻疹流行是由H1基因型麻疹病毒引起,并且流行株出现了变化。
[Objective] To determine the diagnosis of suspected cases of measles and the genotyping of measles strains to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of measles. [Method] Throat swab samples of measles-suspected patients and patients were collected to detect measles antibody and measles virus. The measles antibody was detected by ELISA. The RNA in the virus suspension was extracted by phenol - chloroform extraction and the 450 nucleotide (bp) fragment of nucleotides at the N - terminal was amplified by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT - PCR). The amplified products were sequenced and genotyped. [Results] A total of 69 measles antibody positive cases were detected in 110 suspected cases of measles. At the same time, 19 H1 herpesvirus were isolated from throat swabs of 69 patients, including 14 H1a subtypes, H1b subtype 5 Strain. [Conclusion] The epidemic situation of measles in our city in recent years is caused by the H1 genotype measles virus, and the epidemic strains have changed.