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目的探讨影响居民热浪感知度的相关因素。方法 2013年7月29日—8月10日北京市发生热浪天气时,采用二阶段随机抽样方法抽取591位北京市顺义区居民,自制结构式调查问卷访谈居民对热浪的感知度。采用复杂抽样模块对居民热浪感知度(赋值为1到7分)进行分析,多分类Logistic回归方法对影响热浪感知度的因素进行评估。结果复杂抽样结果显示,48.3%(95%CI 39.4%~57.3%)的居民认为北京地区热浪事件不是很严重。一旦发生热浪事件,48.3%(95%CI 42.4%~54.2%)的居民认为热浪对自身健康的影响一般,48.2%(95%CI39.6%~57.0%)的居民认为热浪对周边其他居民健康影响一般。多分类Logistic回归分析显示:经历过热浪的居民均比未经历热浪者对炎热的感知度要高,家中没有空调的居民对热浪的感知度较低,不吸烟的居民比吸烟者对热浪的感知度高。结论北京市顺义区居民对热浪的感知度处于中等水平,应设置利于居民想象的热浪场景,加强健康教育,重点针对易感人群,减少热浪引起的相关疾病。
Objective To explore the factors that affect the perception of heat waves. Methods From July 29 to August 10, 2013, a total of 591 inhabitants of Shunyi District in Beijing were surveyed by two-stage random sampling method during the heat wave weather in Beijing. The questionnaires of self-made structured questionnaire were used to interview residents’ perception of heatwaves. The complex sampling module is used to analyze the residents’ heat wave perception (assigned values of 1 to 7), and the multi-class Logistic regression method is used to evaluate the factors that affect the perception of heat waves. Results Complicated sampling results showed that 48.3% (95% CI 39.4% -57.3%) of residents considered the heat wave incident in Beijing not as serious. In the event of a heat wave, 48.3% (95% CI 42.4% ~ 54.2%) of residents considered the heat wave as having an impact on their own health. 48.2% (95% CI 39.6% ~ 57.0%) of residents considered the heat wave harmful to the health of other residents Affect the general. Multi-class Logistic regression analysis showed that residents who experienced overheated waves were more aware of the heat than those who did not experience the heatwave. Residents with no air-conditioners at home had less awareness of heat waves, and residents who did not smoke than smokers perceived the heat waves High degree. Conclusion Residents in Shunyi District of Beijing are at a moderate level of heat wave perception. A heat wave scenario conducive to residents’ imagination should be set up to enhance health education, with a focus on susceptible populations and the reduction of heat-related diseases.