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目的调查广州地铁集中空调系统冷却水和冷凝水中嗜肺军团菌的污染状况。方法对2006—2011年和2013年采集的广州地铁集中空调冷却水和冷凝水的水样,进行嗜肺军团菌的检测和血清分型,并对其中19株嗜肺军团菌分离株做PFGE分型鉴定,用BioNumerics软件进行聚类分析。结果共计采集水样609份,嗜肺军团菌的平均检出率为17.73%(108/609),其中冷却水的检出率为23.01%(101/439),冷凝水检出率为4.12%(7/170)。有采集检测样品的年份均检出嗜肺军团菌,检出率在11.83%~22.73%,其中2013年检出率为最高,达22.73%(10/44)。在108份阳性水样中,共计分离到120株嗜肺军团菌,有12份水样在同一份样品中同时分离出2种不同血清型的嗜肺军团菌;从血清型分布来看,以LP1为主占55.00%(66/120),其次为LP14占29.17%(35/120)。19株嗜肺军团菌分离株PFGE分型相似性在79.9%~100.0%,可分为3个聚类群10个PFGE型。结论广州地铁集中空调系统存在一定程度嗜肺军团菌污染。应加强广州地区地铁集中空调系统的监测力度,制定定期清洗和消毒计划,防止人群感染。
Objective To investigate the contamination status of Legionella pneumophila in cooling water and condensate of Guangzhou Metro Central Air Conditioning System. Methods The water samples of cooling and condensing water collected from Guangzhou Metro in 2006-2011 and 2013 were collected for detection and serotyping of Legionella pneumophila, and 19 Legionella pneumophila isolates were subjected to PFGE Type identification, using BioNumerics software for cluster analysis. Results A total of 609 water samples were collected. The average detection rate of Legionella pneumophila was 17.73% (108/609). The detection rate of cooling water was 23.01% (101/439) and the detection rate of condensed water was 4.12% (7/170). The detection rate of Legionella pneumophila was from 11.83% to 22.73% in all sampling years. The highest detection rate in 2013 was up to 22.73% (10/44). In 108 positive water samples, a total of 120 Legionella pneumophila strains were isolated, and 12 samples of Legionella pneumophila with different serotypes were isolated in the same sample. From the serotype distribution, LP1 accounted for 55.00% (66/120), followed by LP14 accounted for 29.17% (35/120). The 19 isolates of Legionella pneumophila isolates PFGE type similarity between 79.9% to 100.0%, can be divided into three clusters 10 PFGE type. Conclusion Guangzhou Metro central air conditioning system has a certain degree of Legionella pneumophila contamination. The monitoring of centralized air-conditioning systems for metro stations in Guangzhou should be strengthened to formulate regular cleaning and disinfection plans to prevent people from getting infected.