马克思科学研究方法论的特点在于把政治经济学的主体作为有机的总体。众所周知,马克思和恩格斯是坚决反对鲁滨逊式的方法论(至今还在资产阶级社会学中广泛采用)的,因为在这种方法论中,社会的总体形式被想象为它的组成要素之和,名个组成部分的特性和规律性也转移给社会总体。马克思的看法恰巧相反,他认为,政 The characteristic of Marx’s methodology of scientific research lies in taking the subject of political economy as the organic whole. It is well-known that Marx and Engels firmly oppose the Robinson-based methodology (so far still widely used in bourgeois sociology), in which the general form of society is conceived as the sum of its constituent elements The characteristics and regularities of the components are also transferred to the community as a whole. On the contrary, Marx’s view is that in his opinion, politics