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以收集的52个推广应用的春播玉米为供试材料,运用渗透压为0.5 MPa的PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫,测定各品种发芽率、耐旱萌发指数等10个鉴定指标。以鉴定指标的相对值作为抗旱性评价指标,应用多种分析方法对各指标进行比较分析并对品种进行综合评价和分类。结果表明,干旱胁迫下各指标均受到不同程度的影响,其中,发芽势可用于玉米萌发期抗旱性的快速与初步鉴定。发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数与耐旱萌发指数4项指标可作为抗旱能力的主要鉴定指标,种子吸水率与胚根胚芽长、贮藏物质运转率可作为间接抗旱鉴定指标。根据供试品种隶属函数值,利用聚类分析将其分为4个不同的耐旱等级,筛选出17个抗旱型品种。
Fifty-two popularized spring maize cultivars were collected and used to simulate drought stress with osmotic pressure of 0.5 MPa. The germination rate and drought tolerance index of the varieties were determined. With the relative value of the identification index as the evaluation index of drought resistance, a variety of analysis methods were used to compare and analyze the indexes and comprehensively evaluate and classify the varieties. The results showed that all the indexes under drought stress were affected to varying degrees, of which the germination potential could be used for rapid and preliminary identification of drought resistance during germination. Four indicators of germination potential, germination rate, germination index and drought tolerance index can be used as the main identification index of drought resistance ability. Seed water absorption rate and embryo germ length, storage material turnover rate can be used as indirect drought resistance identification index. According to the membership functions of tested cultivars, they were divided into 4 different drought tolerance classes by cluster analysis, and 17 drought-resistant cultivars were screened out.