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本文用分光光度法测定了25℃下邻、间、对位二甲苯分别在Na_2SO_4、K_2SO_4、(NH_4)_2SO_4、MgSO_4及MgCl_2五种高价盐水溶液中的活度系数f,所作lgf—c_S(盐浓度)图均呈直线,并基本通过原点,符合Setschenow盐效应经验公式。得到的三种二甲苯的盐析次序均为:Na_2SO_4>K_2SO_4>(NH_4)_2SO_4>MgSO_4>MgCl_2。本文还用Debye-MacAulay和Conway-Desnoyers-Smith两种静电理论、Masterton-Lee定标粒子理论、McDevit-Long内压力理论以及改进后的内压力理论(XIPT)对研究体系进行了计算,结果表明;XIPT计算值比其它理沦计算值更符合实际,且具有方法简单、适用体系广,误差小,盐析常数符号与实际一致等显著优点。
In this paper, the activity coefficient f of o, m, p-xylene at 25 ℃ in five high-salt solutions of Na_2SO_4, K_2SO_4, (NH_4) _2SO_4, MgSO_4 and MgCl_2 were determined by spectrophotometry. Concentration) are straight line, and basically through the origin, in line with Setschenow salt effect empirical formula. The order of salting-out of the three xylenes is: Na_2SO_4> K_2SO_4> (NH_4) _2SO_4> MgSO_4> MgCl_2. In this paper, two kinds of electrostatic theory, Debye-MacAulay and Conway-Desnoyers-Smith, Masterton-Lee particle theory, McDevit-Long internal pressure theory and the improved internal pressure theory (XIPT) The calculated value of XIPT is more realistic than the other calculated values, and has the obvious advantages of simple method, wide application system, small error and consistent sign of salting-out constant.