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交通因其消耗大量能源而在可持续发展中扮演着重要角色,为了规划交通可持续发展,有必要提出能够评估和衡量交通可持续发展的指数。利用可达性概念和地理信息系统提出交通方式可达性差距指数。该指数由人口数量、就业岗位数、商店数以及学校数等决定,根据公共交通方式和私人交通方式间可达性指数差异计算。就能源效率而言,公共交通方式比私人交通方式更能实现可持续。可达性差距指数越高意味着可持续能力越强。通过比较香港1991年和1996年的可达性差距指数,来检验交通发展的可持续性是否有所提升。最后,讨论了如何运用可达性差距指数来检验土地利用以及交通发展政策和方案,以便确定更可持续的政策和方案。
Traffic plays an important role in sustainable development because it consumes a large amount of energy. In order to plan the sustainable development of transportation, it is necessary to put forward the index that can evaluate and measure the sustainable development of transportation. Using the concept of accessibility and geographic information system (GIS) to propose a transport accessibility index. The index is determined by the number of people, the number of jobs, the number of stores and the number of schools. It is calculated based on the difference in reachability index between public transport and private modes of transport. In terms of energy efficiency, public transport is more sustainable than private transport. The higher the Gap Index, the stronger the sustainability. By comparing Hong Kong’s accessibility gap indices in 1991 and 1996, we can test whether the sustainability of transport development has improved. Finally, it discusses how to use the accessibility gap index to test land use and transport development policies and programs in order to identify more sustainable policies and programs.