利用气体中电子在微孔内的雪崩效应使电子倍增的新型气体探测器GEM于1997年在欧洲核子研究中心(CERN)由F.Sauli发明。与20世纪70、80年代发展的丝室相比它具有信号快、计数率高(可达106mm2)、抗辐射、极限空间分辨率小至亚毫米级和多路读出方便等优点。本工作采用基于双层GEM的探测器建立宇宙线μ子径迹探测系统。通过本文研究,基于GEM的探测器 A new gas detector, GEM, that exploits the avalanche effect of electrons in the pores of a gas to multiply electrons, was invented by F.Sauli at the European Nuclear Research Center (CERN) in 1997. Compared with the silk cell developed in 1970s and 1980s, it has the advantages of fast signal, high count rate (up to 106mm2), anti-radiation, minimal spatial resolution of sub-millimeter and multi-channel readout. In this work, a double-layer GEM-based detector is used to establish cosmic ray muon track detection system. Through this study, GEM-based detectors