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作为“立宪之根本”的地方自治在清政府、地方督抚、士绅及社会各界的多向推动下,经历了由思想萌动到政治实践,由局部试验到全国规模的政府倡办阶段,并延续至民国初年。在清末新政改革中,山东积极而有成效,推行地方自治又以济南之历城为先。选取山东地方自治作为解剖点,可由点及面地了解中国地方自治的历程,有助于深入探讨清末民初山东政局的走向,且对当前的政治体制改革具有一定的现实借鉴意义。
Under the impetus of the Qing government, local governors, gentry and various circles of society, local self-government, as the “fundamental constitutionalist constitution,” went through a period of government advocacy from ideological germination to political practice and from local experimentation to nationwide scale. Extended to the early Republic of China. In the reform of the new policy in the late Qing Dynasty, Shandong actively and effectively implemented the local autonomy and took Jinan as the first city. The selection of Shandong local autonomy as an anatomical point can be used to understand the course of local autonomy in China from a point to an area and help to further explore the trend of Shandong’s political situation in the late Qing and the early Republic of China and provide some realistic references for the current political system reform.