甲午战争失败后,洋务派人士提出“洋务救国论”的思想,它是甲午战前的洋务思潮在新的历史条件下的继续和发展。经济上主张废除“官办”和“官督商办”企业,发展“商办”的资本主义民营企业;政治上,要求皇帝纡尊降贵,通达下情;军事上,主张改革军事制度,建立近代化的陆海军;文化上,废科举,兴学堂,学西方,以培养适应发展洋务事业的新式人才。 After the failure of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the Westernizationists proposed the idea of ​​“saving the nation and saving the nation.” This is the continuation and development of the Westernization wave of thought in the Sino-Japanese War before the new historical conditions. In the economic field, it is necessary to advocate the abolition of capitalist private-owned enterprises that are “government-run” and “government-run merchants and enterprises”, and develop “merchants’ affairs.” Politically, Advocate the reform of the military system and establish a modernized army and navy; culturally, abolish the imperial examinations, learn from the schools and learn from the West in order to cultivate new talents adapted to the cause of developing the Westernization.