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利用植物远程监测系统对荔枝园中的大气温湿度、土壤湿度、光照强度、大气蒸汽压差(VPD)等环境因子和茎干直径微变化、果实生长、叶片温度等树体生理指标进行了监测,发现该系统能准确及时并无伤害地记录他们的实时和周期性变化。据获得的数据初步表明,当果实处于快速膨大期,主茎的加粗生长明显缓慢,一旦果实采收后,茎干加粗生长则有一个迅速上升的变化;当土壤湿度高于33%(v/v)时,主茎的生长受到明显的抑制;VPD白天上升,夜间下降,当夜间VPD始终高于0,就形成所谓的“夜间干燥”,VPD的这种变化对荔枝主茎和果实的生长以及叶气温差(LATD)都有较大的影响,如主茎和果实的日间收缩量随VPD的增大而增大,夜间空气干燥不但抑制了主茎生长,也使日最大LATD下降。据此认为,果实和茎干的生长之间存在竞争关系,土壤湿度过高或者夜间空气干燥对荔枝的生长不利。
The plant remote monitoring system was used to monitor the environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, soil moisture, light intensity, atmospheric pressure differential pressure (VPD) and stem diameter variations, fruit growth and leaf temperature in litchi garden , Found that the system can record their real-time and periodic changes accurately and timely. According to the data obtained, preliminary results showed that when the fruit was in a period of rapid enlargement, the bold growth of the main stem was obviously slow. Once the fruit was harvested, there was a rapid increase in stem growth. When the soil moisture was above 33% The VPD increased significantly during the day and decreased at night. When the nighttime VPD was always higher than 0, the so-called “nighttime dryness” was formed. The change of VPD had no significant effect on the main stem and fruit of litchi (LATD). For example, the amount of daytime shrinkage of main stems and fruits increased with the increase of VPD, and nighttime air drying not only inhibited the growth of main stems, but also increased the maximum daily LATD decline. Therefore, there is competition between the growth of fruit and stem, and the soil moisture is too high or the air is dry at night is unfavorable to the growth of litchi.