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支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)的本质是慢性气道炎症,是多种炎症细胞(如嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、T淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞等)和其介质共同参与引起的慢性炎症反应,而T淋巴细胞在其中发挥重要作用。T淋巴细胞目前主要分为四个亚群,分别是Th1、Th2、Th17和Treg亚群。过去曾认为Th1/Th2平衡失调是哮喘发病的关键因素,但近年研究发现Th17/Treg及Th2/Treg的平衡失调在哮喘的发病机制中同样发挥巨大作用,且日益受到重视。本文就T细胞在哮喘发病机制中的作用及研究进展做一综述。
Bronchial asthma (referred to as asthma) is the essence of chronic airway inflammation, is a variety of inflammatory cells (such as eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils, etc.) and their mediators involved in chronic inflammation caused by co-participation, T lymphocytes play an important role. T lymphocytes are currently divided into four subgroups, namely Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg subpopulations. In the past, it was thought that the imbalance of Th1 / Th2 was a key factor in the pathogenesis of asthma. However, recent studies have found that the imbalance of Th17 / Treg and Th2 / Treg plays an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma and is receiving more and more attention. This article reviews the role of T cells in the pathogenesis of asthma and its research progress.