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采用CO2激光器,在填加和不填加合金粉末两种条件下,进行了不等厚铝合金(5A02,5A06)薄板的激光拼焊,研究了影响焊接过程稳定性和焊缝成形性能的主要因素,并用有限元方法(FEA)对焊接过程的温度场和应力场进行数值模拟,分析了拼焊板的残余应力分布和变形特点。试验结果表明,镁含量较高的铝合金对激光束的吸收率高,因此达到稳定深熔焊的临界功率密度较低,容易获得稳定的深熔焊过程;填粉能提高铝合金对激光的吸收率,使激光焊接中等离子体更加稳定,使焊接过程更趋稳定,更易得到成形优良的焊缝。模拟结果表明,不等厚铝合金板激光拼焊的温度场不对称,不等厚板的残余应力场和应变场也分布不对称,薄板上残余拉应力范围比厚板大,薄板整体变形大于厚板且比厚板复杂。
Using CO2 laser, with or without adding alloy powder under two conditions, a non-uniform thickness aluminum alloy (5A02,5A06) laser welding plate, the study of the stability of the welding process and weld formability of the main The finite element method (FEA) was used to simulate the temperature field and stress field of the welding process. The residual stress distribution and deformation characteristics of the tailor welded plate were analyzed. The experimental results show that the higher magnesium content of the aluminum alloy laser beam absorption rate is high, so to achieve a stable low penetration of the deep power density, easy access to a stable deep penetration welding process; filler can improve the aluminum alloy on the laser Absorption rate, the laser welding plasma more stable, the welding process more stable, easier to get good forming weld. The simulation results show that the temperature field of laser welding with unequal thickness of aluminum alloy plate is asymmetric. The residual stress field and strain field of unequal thickness plate are also asymmetrical. The range of residual tensile stress is larger than that of thick plate. Thick slab and more complex than thick.