在统筹城乡发展的背景下,基本医疗卫生服务的均等化关系到我国城乡人力资本的投资与积累,关系到我国社会经济的可持续发展和进一步转型。本文利用泰尔指数分析法对选取的三个代表省份包括江苏、河南及四川的城乡基本医疗卫生服务进行实证分析发现,城乡间的差距始终是目前我国城乡基本医疗卫生服务从起点到过程再到结果的总体差距的主导因素。就组内差距分解而言,卫生服务消费指标的农村内部差距普遍高于城镇内部差距;相反,在城乡基本医疗卫生财力投入、卫生资源配置和卫生服务结果等指标方面,城镇内部差距普遍高于农村内部差距。在这些结论的基础上,本文进一步分析了我国城乡医疗卫生服务非均等的原因并提出了相应的对策措施。 In the context of overall planning of urban and rural development, the equalization of basic medical and health services is related to the investment and accumulation of human capital in urban and rural areas in our country, which is related to the sustainable development of social economy and further transformation in our country. In this paper, we use the Theil Index method to analyze the selected three representative provinces, including Jiangsu, Henan and Sichuan provinces and cities in basic medical and health services for empirical analysis found that the gap between urban and rural areas is always the basic urban and rural areas of our health services from the starting point to the process to The leading factor in the overall gap in results. In terms of intra-group gap decomposition, the rural internal disparity in indicators of health service consumption is generally higher than that in urban areas; on the contrary, urban-rural gap is generally higher than that in urban-rural basic medical and health resources, health resource allocation and health service outcomes Internal rural disparities. On the basis of these conclusions, this paper further analyzes the reasons for the unequal medical and health services in urban and rural areas in our country and puts forward corresponding countermeasures.