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为研究小口径火炮身管在不同射击条件下的温度分布特性,建立了膛内运动及后效时期火药燃气的温度方程,确定了传热初始条件;分析了内弹道时期身管膛壁对流换热系数,明确了传热边界;依据传热学理论,建立了火炮身管的传热学模型,并采用有限差分方法对模型进行了求解。最后,以某30 mm小口径镀铬身管为例分析了单发及连发射击条件下温度场的分布及其变化规律,同时得到铬层附近温度梯度不显著的结论,为下一步开展小口径火炮身管寿命问题的研究奠定了基础。
In order to study the temperature distribution characteristics of small caliber gun barrel under different shooting conditions, the temperature equation of gunpowder gas during the bore motion and after-effect period was established and the initial conditions of heat transfer were determined. According to the theory of heat transfer, the heat transfer model of gun barrel is established, and the finite difference method is used to solve the model. Finally, taking a 30 mm small-diameter chrome tube as an example, the distribution and variation of temperature field in single-shot and continuous-shot conditions were analyzed. At the same time, the conclusion was obtained that the temperature gradient near chromium layer was not significant. Artillery barrel life issues laid the foundation for the study.