2006年,中国中央政府取消了农业税。这是在不断加剧的乡村危机受到密切关注后发生的,它引发了有关乡村社会状况的新的争论。文章将当代的这些争论置于百年乡村自治改革这一背景中,指出当代乡村发展的倡议者们发现他们所处的境况与20世纪上半叶的境况类似,而他们对乡村自治的重构同样借鉴了那个时期的各种观点。 In 2006, the Chinese central government canceled the agricultural tax. This took place after a close watch on the escalating rural crisis, which sparked a new debate about the social conditions in rural areas. In the context of centuries-old village self-government reforms, the article puts contemporary controversies in the background of centenary rural self-government reform and points out that contemporary rural advocates found that they were in a situation similar to that of the first half of the 20th century and that their reconstruction of rural self-government was equally Drawing on the various perspectives of that period.