目的探讨高频超声图像探测甲状腺结节钙化与其病理结果的相关性。方法回顾性分析420例甲状腺结节手术患者的临床资料。结果根据术后病理结果 ,将420例患者分为恶性结节组151例及良性结节组269例。恶性结节组的钙化率高于良性结节组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且微钙化在恶性结节组中的发生率最高,与良性结节组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。微钙化对于甲状腺癌的阳性预测值为77.67%,灵敏度为54.30%。151例甲状腺癌中,以乳头状癌所占比例最高,占72.79%;而髓样癌微钙化及钙化的比例最高。结论钙化及微小钙化是甲状腺癌重要的危险因素,采用高频超声对甲状腺结节检查时应对钙化给予足够的重视,保障患者的诊断质量。 Objective To investigate the correlation between high-frequency ultrasound imaging of thyroid nodule calcification and pathological findings. Methods A retrospective analysis of 420 cases of thyroid nodules in patients with clinical data. Results According to the postoperative pathological results, 420 patients were divided into 151 cases of malignant nodules and 269 cases of benign nodules. Malignant nodules calcification rate was higher than that of benign nodules, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the incidence of microalcifications in malignant nodules was the highest, compared with benign nodules, the difference was statistically significant Significance (P <0.05). The positive predictive value of microcalcification for thyroid cancer was 77.67% with a sensitivity of 54.30%. In 151 cases of thyroid cancer, the highest proportion of papillary carcinoma, accounting for 72.79%; while the medullary carcinoma with the highest proportion of micro-calcification and calcification. Conclusion Calcification and microcalcifications are important risk factors for thyroid cancer. High-frequency ultrasound should pay enough attention to the calcification of thyroid nodules to ensure the quality of diagnosis.