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我国城市轨道交通发展方兴未艾,城市轨道交通施工和运营不可避免地给城市带来诸多如振动噪声等污染。超标的振动及噪声,影响了人们的正常工作和生活。近年来设计的城轨交通工程,轨道减振设计都得到设计人员的重视。哈尔滨轨道交通一期工程,线路全长约17.4 km,全部为地下线,其中利用既有人防隧道工程约5.4 km,既有人防工程为单洞双线马蹄形隧道。如何选择该城轨交通工程新建隧道与既有人防隧道的轨道减振结构成为轨道工程设计的难点。轨道减振设计应以国家相关环保规范为准则,以本工程《环境影响报告书》要求为依据,按《地铁设计规范》规定进行设计。同时,轨道减振等级的划分应适当留有余量,采用性价比合理的轨道减振结构,不能盲目追求高标准产品,更不能为节省造价而降低标准。在城市轨道交通利用既有主体结构,轨道结构高度不能满足浮置板轨道结构要求时,应对浮置板结构进一步优化设计,或者研发其他减振道床结构。
The development of urban rail transit in China is in the ascendant. The construction and operation of urban rail transit will inevitably bring many pollution such as vibration and noise to the city. Exceeded the vibration and noise, affecting people’s normal work and life. In recent years, the design of urban rail transit projects, rail vibration design have been designers of attention. The first phase of Harbin Rail Transit project is about 17.4 km in length, all of which are under-ground. The existing civil air defense tunnel project uses about 5.4 km. The existing civil air defense project is a single-hole two-lane horseshoe tunnel. How to choose the rail transit project of the new tunnel and the existing civil air defense tunnel track damping structure become the track engineering design difficulties. The design of track vibration reduction should be based on the relevant national environmental code and be based on the requirements of the “Environmental Impact Report” of this project, and be designed according to the “Metro Design Code”. At the same time, the classification of orbit vibration damping should be properly left margin, the use of cost-effective orbit damping structure, can not blindly pursue high standards of products, but can not reduce the cost of standards. When using the existing main structure in urban rail transit and the height of orbital structure can not meet the requirements of the structure of the suspended slab, we should further optimize the design of the structure of the floating slab or develop other damped track bed structures.