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目的:将社会性别视角引入母婴保健行为影响因素的分析,尤其是引入定量研究方法探索母婴保健中的社会性别影响模式。方法:通过现场调查收集相关资料,在探索性因子分析和相关理论基础上构建母婴保健社会性别影响模式的理论模型,并运用结构方程模型进行实证研究。结果:妇女社会经济地位、家庭地位,以及丈夫的关爱直接影响到母婴保健行为及保健服务的利用,而妇女社会性别意识和自我保健意识及知识间接影响其保健行为。结论:提高农村妇女社会经济、家庭地位和社会性别意识是母婴保健工作急需加强的一个重要领域,其关键是提高农村妇女的文化程度,提高妇女的非农就业率,增加妇女的个人收入,通过各种社会性别项目强化妇女自我意识,进而促进母婴保健。
OBJECTIVE: To introduce a gender perspective into the analysis of the factors influencing maternal and child health care behaviors, and especially to introduce quantitative research methods to explore the gender impact model in maternal and child health care. Methods: Based on the field survey, the relevant data were collected. Based on the exploratory factor analysis and related theories, a theoretical model of gender influence model for maternal and child health care was constructed, and the structural equation model was used to conduct empirical research. Results: The socio-economic status of women, their family status and their husbands’ love have a direct impact on the utilization of maternal and child health care behaviors and health services. Women’s gender awareness and self-care awareness and knowledge indirectly influence their health behaviors. Conclusions: Improving rural women’s socio-economic, family status and gender awareness are important areas in urgent need of strengthening maternal and child health care. The key is to improve the educational level of rural women, increase the non-agricultural employment rate of women, increase their personal income, Empowering women’s self-awareness through various gender projects, thereby promoting maternal and child health.