分析了近千年淮河流域河湖水系的自然演变以及人类活动的扰动,深入探讨了其成因。研究表明:目前淮河流域河湖水系连通格局是人类在抵御黄河洪水和泥沙入侵的抗争中,遵循自然规律的同时兼顾漕运、灌溉等社会发展所需而构建的防洪、排涝、冲沙、灌溉、供水等的工程体系。流域主要干支流和湖泊连通基本受人工所控,自然-人工河网交织,河流-湖泊水量交换频繁,入江入海水道基本畅通,并与黄河、长江、海河等各大水系连通,基本解决了河水出海无路,洪涝灾害频发的问题。河湖水系连通在一定时期内对稳定淮河流域社会安定团结、推动经济发展起着积极作用,但也不可避免地对流域生态环境产生了一定的负面影响。水系连通下流域水资源演变规律、环境生态效应以及对社会经济布局的影响等研究是亟待解决的关键科学问题。 The natural evolution of rivers and lakes in the Huaihe River basin in the past millennium and the disturbance of human activities were analyzed, and the causes were discussed in depth. The research shows that at present, the connectivity pattern of rivers and lakes in the Huaihe River Basin is the key to prevent floods, drainage, flushing and irrigation in the fight against floods and sediment invasion of the Yellow River, taking into account the natural laws while taking into account the social development necessary for water transport and irrigation. , Water supply and other engineering systems. The main tributaries and lakes connected basically controlled by the artificial, natural - artificial river network intertwined, river - lakes exchange of water frequently, into the river basically smooth water into the sea, and the Yellow River, the Yangtze River, Hai River and other major water system connectivity, the basic solution to the river No way out of the sea, frequent flooding disaster problems. Within a certain period of time, river-river connectivity has played a positive role in stabilizing the social stability and unity in the Huaihe River Basin and promoting economic development, but it also inevitably has a certain negative impact on the ecological environment in the basin. Research on the evolution law of water resources, environmental and ecological effects and its impact on the distribution of social economy in the basin-to-basin connectivity is a key scientific issue to be solved urgently.