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目的评价云南省大姚县环境青石棉污染对人群健康及社会造成的危害。方法通过查阅当地县级医院门诊和住院登记恶性肿瘤病例、人口死因登记报告中1994至2003年期间死亡的恶性肿瘤患者。用健康生命损失年评价当地恶性肿瘤引起的死亡、健康寿命损失及社会负担。结果1994至2003年。青石棉污染区肺癌、肝癌、间皮瘤、胃癌、结肠直肠癌的死亡率分别为10.15/10万、9.04/10万、8.48/10万、3.96/10万、3.55/10万。除女性乳腺癌外,男女各主要恶性肿瘤死亡率均随年龄增长而增长。肝癌、肺癌、间皮瘤、白血病、胃癌的健康生命损失年损失分别是1981.39、1886.63、1799.23、948.01、754.18人年。健康生命损失年损失的年龄分布主要集中于15～44岁和45～59岁年龄组。恶性肿瘤引起的间接经济损失以肺癌、肝癌、间皮瘤造成的损失较大,分别占总损失的15.02%、13.98%、13.01%。青石棉污染引起的健康生命损失年为3092.23人年,间接经济损失517.58万元。结论肺癌、肝癌、间皮瘤、白血病和女性乳腺癌对污染区人群健康和社会危害影响较大。恶性肿瘤造成的中老年人死亡较为严重,引起的青壮年死亡造成的社会损失最大。
Objective To evaluate the harm to the health and social of the population caused by environmental calamia contamination in Dayao County, Yunnan Province. Methods By referring to the local county hospital outpatient and inpatient registration of malignant tumor cases, the population of death causes registration report in patients with malignant tumors who died during 1994-2003. Year of health loss of life assessment of local deaths caused by malignant tumors, loss of healthy life expectancy and social burden. Results 1994-2003. Mortality rates of lung, liver, mesothelioma, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer in crocidolite contaminated areas were 10.15 / 100,000, 9.04 / 100,000, 8.48 / 100,000, 3.96 / 100,000 and 3.55 / 100,000, respectively. In addition to female breast cancer, male and female mortality rates of all major malignancies increase with age. The annual loss of healthy life loss of liver cancer, lung cancer, mesothelioma, leukemia and gastric cancer are respectively 1981.39, 1886.63, 1799.23, 948.01 and 754.18 person years. The annual distribution of annual loss of health loss of life mainly concentrated in the age group of 15-44 and 45-59 years. Indirect economic losses caused by malignant tumors, lung cancer, liver cancer, mesothelioma caused greater losses, respectively, the total loss of 15.02%, 13.98%, 13.01%. The loss of healthy life caused by crocidolite pollution was 3092.23 person-years, with an indirect economic loss of 5.1758 million yuan. Conclusions Lung cancer, liver cancer, mesothelioma, leukemia and female breast cancer have a greater impact on the health and social harm of the population in the polluted area. The death of middle-aged and elderly people caused by malignant tumors is more serious, causing the greatest social loss caused by the death of young adults.