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目的:改进大鼠肾移植慢性排斥模型的构建方法，评估套管法应用效果。方法:2019年01月至2019年7月，使用近交系Fisher344大鼠40只(雄性，体重180～220 g，购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司)作为供体，近交系Lewis大鼠35只作为受体，构建慢性排斥排组、对照组肾移植模型共35例。同时与本课题组既往传统手术方式(肾动静脉端端吻合)构建的同种异体大鼠肾移植模型进行比较。记录各组手术时间及肾动静脉吻合时间，采用Student’s n t检验方法比较改良组与对照组各段手术时间，记录各组手术时间及肾动静脉吻合时间，组间差异采用Student’s n t检验。n 结果:本研究共采用套管法行改良大鼠肾移植35例，模型成功率88.57%(31/35)，平均手术时间为(108±19) min，传统手术组动脉吻合时间(18±5) min，改良手术组肾动脉吻合时间减少为(1.0±0.5) min(n t＝20.043，n P<0.01)，肾静脉吻合时间为(2.0±0.5) min，肾静脉吻合时间减少为(2.0±0.5) min(n t＝ 23.293，n P<0.01)，差异均有统计学意义。受体手术时间、血管吻合时间，冷热缺血时间与本组传统方法比较大幅缩短。n 结论:大鼠肾移植模型中应用套管法的难度低、简便，动静脉吻合时间短，输尿管支架法吻合简单可靠。“,”Objective:To improve the construction method of chronic rejection model of kidney transplantation in rats and evaluate the effect of catheterization.Methods:40 inbred Fisher344 rats (male, 180-220 g, purchased from Beijing Vital River Lab Animal Technology Co. Ltd) were used as donors and 35 inbred Lewis rats as recipients. A total of 35 kidney transplantation models were established in chronic rejection model and normal control. At the same time, it was compared with the allogeneic rat kidney transplantation model constructed by the traditional method (end-to-end anastomosis of renal artery and vein) in our group. The operation time and renal arteriovenous anastomosis time of each group were recorded, and the operation time of each segment of the improved group was compared with that of the control group by Student’s n t test.n Results:In this study, 35 cases of modified rat renal transplantation were performed with cannula method. The success rate of the model was 88.57% (31±35). The average operation time was (108±19) min. The arterial anastomosis time in the traditional operation group was (18±5) min. In the modified operation group, the kidney artery anastomosis time, kidney vein anastomosis time and renal vein anastomosis time were reduced (1.0±0.5) min (n t=20.043, n P<0.01), The time of renal vein anastomosis was reduced to (2.0±0.5) min (n t=23.293, n P<0.01), the difference was statistically significant (n P<0.01). The recipient operation time, vascular anastomosis time and warm ischemia time are significantly shorter than those of the traditional methods in this group.n Conclusion:In the rat model of kidney transplantation, the conduit method is low and simple, the time of arteriovenous anastomosis is short, and the ureteral stent anastomosis is simple and reliable.