镰状细胞贫血是指红细胞中含有血红蛋白 S 的一种遗传性贫血。属于血红蛋白中的珠蛋白合成异常或结构异常的血红蛋白病。本病除慢性进行性溶血性贫血外,还有肢体疼痛及肿胀、充血性心力衰竭、颅骨及四肢骨骼的 X 线改变以及镰状红细胞出现等特征。本病多见于非洲的西部和中部地区。在印度的部分地区、波斯湾和地中海中部也常见。近年来国内外有关血红蛋白病的研究进展很快,但国内对 S、C、A 方面的报道很少。我们援赞比亚医疗队在赞比亚中央省卡布韦总医院工作期间。从191例镰变试验阳性的病儿中。再经血液学检查、X 线检查和血红蛋白电泳试验。确诊为 S、C、A 者36例, Sickle cell anemia refers to a hereditary anemia that contains hemoglobin S in red blood cells. Hemoglobin which belongs to the abnormal synthesis or structural abnormality of globin in hemoglobin. The disease in addition to chronic progressive hemolytic anemia, there limb pain and swelling, congestive heart failure, skull and limbs X-ray changes and the emergence of sickle cell features. The disease more common in western and central Africa. In parts of India, the Persian Gulf and the Central Mediterranean are also common. In recent years, the research on hemoglobinopathies at home and abroad has progressed rapidly, but there are few reports on S, C and A in China. We assisted the Zambian medical team during the work of the Kabul General Hospital in the Central Province of Zambia. From 191 sick sickness test positive children. Then by hematology, X-ray examination and hemoglobin electrophoresis test. The diagnosis of S, C, A in 36 cases,