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1973年和1979至1980年的两次石油危机,引起了世界范围内要素比价的持续变动。能源特别是石油对所有其他生产要素的比价上涨。以尽可能有效降低紧缺性为原则的按计划组织国民经济的经互会国家,也不能不考虑变化了的要素比价。对于成倍上涨的能源价格,特别是石油价格,经互会国家作出了怎样的反应和取得了哪些成效?
The two oil crises of 1973 and 1979-1980 caused continual changes in factor prices around the world. The price of energy, especially oil, rises for all other factors of production. The ECLAC countries, which organize the national economy according to the plan with the principle of minimizing the shortage as effectively as possible, must also consider the changed factor parity. What has been done by the countries of the inter-council on the doubled price of energy, especially the oil price, and what has been achieved?