跨流域调水在水资源开发中产生最大的矛盾和冲突。跨流域调水已经成为多学科的问题。跨流域调水的目标越多 ,解决问题的方法越复杂。调水地区的地形、地质和水文特征是调水的重要因素。跨流域调水使该地区成为一个重要的规划单元。调水的矛盾是由调水流域的损失和破坏造成的。世界上的许多大型调水工程仍在等待对施工作出决策。现在 ,调水工程需要长期研究和大量的规划和设计投资 ,以及对调水的所有问题进行详细研究 ,包括环境影响。对调水流域的损失进行补偿是重要的 ,虽然常常只考虑了用水 ,而未考虑其他问题 (休闲 ,河水价值 ,生态等 )。流域与地区之间的矛盾可能在州内及各州之间产生严重的政治分歧和斗争。总之 ,必须考虑许多因素 ,包括禁止调水在内。在一些州内筹资可能要解决某些矛盾。政府的作用可能是规划水资源开发、制定政策和策略 ,以及立法。由州管理机构进行的地区水规划及其协调可能得出一个很好的折衷和相互能接受的解决办法。跨流域调水可能产生很复杂的法律问题。 3个标准的解决冲突的办法 ,即行政 -立法 ,仲裁和市场决策 (谈判、合同、补偿 )在解决矛盾中都可发挥其作用 Inter-basin water diversion in water resources development has the greatest contradictions and conflicts. Inter-basin water diversion has become a multidisciplinary issue. The more goals for inter-basin water transfer, the more complicated the solution to the problem. Topography, geology and hydrology characteristics of water diversion areas are important factors for water diversion. Trans-basin watershed has made the area an important planning unit. The contradiction between water diversion is caused by the loss and destruction of water diversion basin. Many major water transfer projects in the world are still awaiting decision-making on construction. Now, water diversion projects require long-term research and extensive planning and design investments, as well as a detailed study of all aspects of water diversion, including environmental impacts. It is important to compensate for the loss of water diversions, although often only water is considered, without considering other issues (recreation, river water, ecology, etc.). Conflicts between watersheds and territories can create serious political disagreements and struggles within and between states. In summary, many factors must be considered, including the prohibition of water transfer. In some states funding may have to resolve some of the contradictions. The role of the government may be to plan water resources development, develop policies and strategies, and legislation. Regional water planning and coordination by state agencies may yield a good compromise and a mutually acceptable solution. Inter-basin water diversion can create complex legal issues. Three standard solutions to the conflict, namely administrative-legislative, arbitration and market-based decision-making (negotiation, contract, compensation) can all play their part in resolving conflicts