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目的调查北京远郊区县55岁以上农村居民翼状胬肉患病情况,明确翼状胬肉的患病与年龄、性别及环境的关系。设计人群为基础的横断面研究。研究对象2008年北京10个远郊区县、142个乡镇白内障筛查时有外眼像的22008位农民(年龄55～85岁)。方法采用眼底照相机进行外眼及眼底照相,将病史及影像资料传至互联网数据库上,由眼科专家集中根据影像做出翼状胬肉诊断及分期、分级。主要指标翼状胬肉患病情况、分期及分级。结果22008位农民中翼状胬肉患者911例(4.14%)。低纬度、少降水量的大兴及房山两区翼状胬肉平均患病率5.52%,与相对高纬度多降水的密云、怀柔患病率3.06%相比,差异有统计学意义(χ2=32.091,P=0.000)。男性翼状胬肉患病率(5.60%)明显高于女性(3.48%)(χ2=53.996,P=0.000)。随着年龄的增加,翼状胬肉患病率有升高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.848,P=0.146)。进行期翼状胬肉占患者总数的43.3%。侵入瞳孔区的IV级翼状胬肉占患者总数的44.3%。结论北京远郊区县55岁以上农村居民不同地域、不同性别间翼状胬肉患病率存在差异。进行期翼状胬肉及侵入瞳孔区的IV级翼状胬肉患者最多。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of pterygium in rural residents over the age of 55 in suburban areas of Beijing and to determine the relationship between age, gender, and environment of the pterygium. Design population-based cross-sectional study. Subjects In 2008, 22008 peasants (55-55 years old) with outer eyesight were screened out in 10 suburban counties and 142 townships in Beijing. Methods The fundus and fundus were photographed with fundus camera. The medical records and image data were transmitted to the internet database. The ophthalmologists focused on the diagnosis, staging and grading of pterygium according to the images. The main indicators of pterygium prevalence, staging and grading. RESULTS: 911 cases (4.14%) of pterygium in 22,008 farmers. The average prevalence of pterygium at Daxing and Fangshan with low latitude and low precipitation was 5.52%, which was significantly different from the prevalence of Miyun and Huairou at relatively high latitudes and high precipitation (χ2 = 32.091, P = 0.000). The prevalence of male pterygium (5.60%) was significantly higher than that of female (3.48%) (χ2 = 53.996, P = 0.000). The prevalence of pterygium increased with age, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 3.848, P = 0.146). Pterygium during the implementation of the total number of patients accounted for 43.3%. Grade IV pterygium penetrating the pupil area accounted for 44.3% of the total number of patients. Conclusions The prevalence of pterygium in rural areas over 55 years old in Beijing suburbs and counties is different among different regions and different sexes. Patients with grade IV pterygium who underwent pterygium and invaded the pupil area had the highest number of patients.