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在转基因作物全球商业化推广的20年间,公众对基因漂移生态安全问题的关注持续升温。本试验以转基因双价棉SGK321(Cry1Ac/Cp TI)为花粉供体,常规棉“石远321”和“中棉35”为花粉授体,借助PCR和蛋白检测技术,研究温室中3种风速(0.54、0.92和1.27 m·s-1)条件下的Cry1Ac基因漂移频率。结果表明:“石远321”作为花粉受体时,基因漂移频率受风速影响,低风速下最高,高风速下最低;“中棉35”作为花粉授体时,基因漂移频率整体较低,不受风速影响;基因漂移频率与所选择的花粉受体品种有关,“石远321”(转基因棉亲本)(10.63%)作为花粉受体时基因漂移频率高于“中棉35”(2.50%);转基因棉花基因漂移频率随着转基因作物种植区与非转基因作物之间距离的增加而下降。本试验为风介导的基因漂移的生态风险评估提供一定的理论参考。
In the 20 years since the global commercialization of genetically modified crops, there has been increasing public concern about the ecological safety of genetic drift. In this experiment, transgenic cotton SGK321 (Cry1Ac / Cp TI) as pollen donor, conventional cotton “Shi Yuan 321 ” and “Zhongmian 35 ” as pollen donor, using PCR and protein detection techniques to study the greenhouse In the three kinds of wind speed (0.54,0.92 and 1.27 m · s-1) Cry1Ac gene drift frequency. The results showed that when “Shi Yuan 321” was used as a pollen receptor, the frequency of gene drift was affected by wind speed, highest at low wind speed and lowest at high wind speed. When “Zhongmian 35” was a pollen donor, the frequency of gene drift Lower, and not affected by wind speed. The frequency of gene drift was related to the pollen receptor variety selected, and the frequency of gene drift was higher than that of “Shi Yuan 321” (transgenic cotton parent) (10.63%) as pollen receptor Cotton 35 "(2.50%); The gene cotton transgenic frequency decreased with the distance between the transgenic crop growing areas and non-transgenic crops. This experiment provides a theoretical reference for ecological risk assessment of wind-mediated gene drift.