目的了解本地区血红蛋白病(Hb病)存在的种类与类型。方法收集整理、分析近10多年间我院诊治的小儿Hb病资料。结果玉溪地区存在有β-地贫、α-地贫、HbE复合β-地贫的双重杂合体等类型,以β-地贫较多。傣族发生率较高。β-地贫的基因突变类型存在有Codon 17,A→T;Codons 41-42,-TTCT;Codons71-72,+A三种类型。结论为防止Hb病遗传,婚前检查是必要的。 Objective To understand the types and types of hemoglobinopathies (Hb) in this area. Methods Collecting, analyzing the data of pediatric Hb disease diagnosed and treated in our hospital in the recent 10 years. Results There were types of double heterozygote of β-thalassemia, α-thalassemia, HbE complex β-thalassemia in Yuxi area, with more β-thalassemia. Dai incidence is higher. β-thalassemia mutations exist Codon 17, A → T; Codons 41-42, -TTCT; Codons71-72, + A three types. Conclusion To prevent the inheritance of Hb disease, premarital examination is necessary.