第一,必须加强调查研究,防止主观与客观相背离。调查研究是了解掌握情况、进行正确决策、做好各项工作的前提条件。正确地认识客观实际,既要认识客观实际的方方面面,又要认识客观实际后面隐藏的本质;既要认识客观实际内部和外部各方面的联系,又要认识客观实际发展变化的规律。做到这一切,不能只停留在听汇报、看材料上,还必须深入实际进行调查研究,掌握客观实际的大量、系统、真实的第一手材料,否则,我们的工作就会出现这样那样的偏差。在一些单位,工作安排看似合理,实则收效甚微,为什么?根本原因就是没有真正摸清单位的实际情况,没有找出本质的东西。比如,有的单位在进行政治教育时,不深入基 First, we must step up investigations and studies so as to prevent subjective and objective departures. Investigation and study are the prerequisites for understanding the situation, making correct decisions and doing a good job of all kinds of work. To correctly understand the objective reality, we must recognize all aspects of objective reality as well as the hidden essence behind objective reality. We must understand not only the internal and external aspects of the objective reality, but also the laws governing the objective and actual development and changes. To do all this, we must not stop at listening to reports and reading materials. We must also carry out investigations and studies in depth and grasp the objective, practical, large-scale, systematic and real first-hand materials. Otherwise, our work will appear like this. deviation. In some units, the arrangement of work seems plausible but in reality it has little effect. Why? The fundamental reason is that we have not really ascertained the actual situation of the flats and have not found the essential things. For example, some units do not go deep into their political education