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水稻脆茎突变体是一种重要的种质资源。为研究该突变体在能源作物培育中的利用潜力,比较分析了10个突变体及其野生型品种日本晴(NPB)在物理特性、细胞壁组成、农艺性状、生物质降解效率等方面的差异。结果表明:水稻脆茎突变体生长发育正常,但茎秆抗张力和株高低于NPB;茎秆细胞壁纤维素含量降低,半纤维素含量增高,木质素含量增加不显著。细胞壁合成关键基因转录水平的变化与细胞壁组成一致。此外,水稻脆茎突变体的单株穗重与NPB差异不显著,有效穗数增加,生物质产量增加,抗倒伏性显著增强,秸秆易粉碎且在酸、碱预处理及纤维素复合酶酶解条件下的产糖量及纤维素降解效率显著高于NPB。这些特异水稻脆茎突变体的表型优势揭示出其在水稻秸秆利用中的应用潜力,它们可以用于高产、生物质高效降解水稻品种的培育。
Rice crisp mutant is an important germplasm resource. In order to study the utilization potential of this mutant in energy crop cultivation, the differences in physical properties, cell wall composition, agronomic traits and biomass degradation efficiency of 10 mutants and their wild type Nipponbare were comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the growth and development of rice mutant were normal, but the tensile strength and plant height of the stem were lower than that of NPB. The content of cellulose in the stem cell wall was decreased, the content of hemicellulose was increased, and the increase of lignin content was not significant. Changes in the transcriptional level of key genes in cell wall synthesis are consistent with the cell wall composition. In addition, there was no significant difference between panicle weight per panicle and NPB in rice crisp mutant, the effective panicle number increased, the biomass yield increased, the lodging resistance was significantly enhanced, the straw was easy to be smashed and the acid and alkali pretreatment and cellulose synthase enzyme The sugar content and cellulose degradation efficiency under solution conditions were significantly higher than those of NPB. The phenotypic advantages of these specific rice crisp mutant revealed their potential application in the utilization of rice straw, which can be used for the cultivation of rice varieties with high yield and high bio-degradability.