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目的:观察五味地龙汤对实验性支气管哮喘豚鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)的计数和肺、支气管组织形态学的影响。方法:用OVA腹腔注射及气道吸入激发建立哮喘豚鼠模型,对支气管肺泡灌洗液离心后计数BALF中EOS。光镜观察其肺支气管病理组织学变化。结果:①一般情况:哮喘模型组豚鼠均出现不同程度的呼吸次数增加、张口等呼吸困难症状,各药物组豚鼠OVA激发后,地塞米松组和五味地龙汤大剂量组没有出现明显不适症状。②BALF中EOS计数显示:各组与哮喘模型组EOS(15.57±1.51)个/mm3比较,差异均有非常显著的统计学意义(P<0.01)。五味地龙汤大剂量组和地塞米松组与正常对照组EOS(0.83±0.75)个/mm3比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。哮喘性模型组BALF中EOS数明显增加。③光镜观察:模型组见支气管黏膜下层充血水肿,嗜酸性粒细胞灶状浸润,腔内可见部分粘液及渗出物。地塞米松组:气管及支气管管壁结构正常,无炎性渗出。五味地龙汤大剂量组:气管管壁结构逐渐恢复,炎症减轻,水肿明显消失。管腔炎性渗出物明显减少。结论:五味地龙汤可能通过减少气道EOS浸润,减轻炎性渗出,抑制杯状细胞和平滑肌增生,抑制气道重塑,从而发挥平喘的作用。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Wuwei Dilong Decoction on eosinophils (EOS) count and morphological changes of lung and bronchial tissues in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of guinea pigs with experimental bronchial asthma. METHODS: Guinea pigs with asthma were established by intraperitoneal injection with OVA and inhaled with airway. The EOS in BALF was counted after bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was centrifuged. The histopathological changes of lung bronchi were observed by light microscopy. RESULTS: 1 General condition: Asthma model group had guinea pigs with different degrees of respiratory rate increase, mouth opening and other symptoms of dyspnea. After the OVA challenge of guinea pigs in each drug group, there was no obvious discomfort in dexamethasone group and Wuwei Dilongtang high-dose group. . EOS counts in 2BALF showed that the difference between EOS (15.57±1.51)/mm3 in each group and the asthma model group was statistically significant (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in EOS (0.83±0.75)/mm3 between Wuwei Dilong Decoction high-dose group and dexamethasone group and normal control group (P>0.05). The number of EOS in the asthma model group increased significantly. 3The observation of light microscope: The model group showed hyperemia and edema of the submucosa of the bronchus, focal infiltration of eosinophils, and some mucus and exudate were seen in the cavity. Dexamethasone group: Trachea and bronchial wall structure is normal, no inflammatory exudation. In the high-dose group of Wuwei Dilong Decoction, the structure of the tracheal wall gradually recovered, the inflammation was relieved, and the edema disappeared. Inflammatory exudates in the lumen are significantly reduced. Conclusion: Wuwei Dilong Decoction may play an anti-asthmatic role by reducing airway EOS infiltration, reducing inflammatory exudation, inhibiting goblet cell and smooth muscle hyperplasia, inhibiting airway remodeling.