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目的对霍乱、细菌性和阿米巴痢疾、伤寒和副伤寒以及其他感染性腹泻等传染病进行认知和报告模式的探讨,以提高肠道传染病报告管理工作。方法通过调查分析、多年来的工作体会和学术总结,对霍乱等腹泻类传染病的报告类型、诊断标准以及肠道门诊的建立等进行探讨。结果建议将霍乱定为乙类传染病并按乙类传染病进行管理,在镇级普及霍乱金标试剂;伤寒杆菌抗原检测作为伤寒早期诊断标准,血培养作为伤寒诊断的金标准;将痢疾归为其他感染性腹泻;将感染性腹泻从常规监测改为症状监测等。结论由于生活水平的提高、医学的发展和检验能力的提高,以前对肠道传染病的认知和报告模式已不能适应现有的工作要求,需进一步进行修正。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the cognitive and reporting modalities for infectious diseases such as cholera, bacterial and amoebic dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid fever and other infectious diarrhea so as to improve the management of the report of intestinal infectious diseases. Methods Through investigation and analysis, years of work experience and academic summary, the report types, diagnostic criteria and establishment of intestinal clinics for infectious diseases such as cholera were explored. The results suggested that cholera should be classified as a B infectious disease and be managed according to B infectious diseases. Cholera gold standard reagents should be popularized at the township level; typhoid fever antigen test should be used as an early diagnostic criterion for typhoid fever and blood culture as the gold standard for typhoid fever diagnosis; For other infectious diarrhea; infectious diarrhea from routine monitoring to symptom monitoring and so on. Conclusion Due to the improvement of living standards, the development of medicine and the improvement of testing ability, the previous cognitive and reporting modes of gut diseases can not meet the current job requirements and need further revision.