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白细胞共同抗原CD45分子由一类结构相似、相对分子质量较大的跨膜蛋白组成,其胞浆区段具有蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶的作用,因而在细胞的信号传导及功能调节中发挥重要作用。CD45 m RNA外显子的不同剪切拼接方式,能编码产生CD45RA、CD45RB、CD45RC、CD45RO等多种蛋白亚型。CD45亚型分子的表达与T淋巴细胞功能相关,且随着细胞的分化、发育和激活,分子亚型可发生转换。近年研究显示,CD45基因DNA的表观遗传学修饰、DNA结合的蛋白以及RNA剪接位点的突变等多种因素可以调控CD45不同外显子的剪接,从而调节淋巴细胞表面CD45分子不同亚型的表达。调控CD45外显子在成熟转录本的保留或者缺失的因素,也可能最终调控淋巴细胞CD45分子亚型的表达以及淋巴细胞的功能,并与临床自身免疫性疾病、血液病、肿瘤等疾病的发病相关。
The leukocyte common antigen CD45 molecule is composed of a class of transmembrane proteins with similar structure and relatively high molecular mass. The cytoplasmic segment has the function of protein tyrosine phosphatase and thus plays an important role in cell signal transduction and function regulation . Different splicing methods of CD45 m RNA exon can encode a variety of protein subtypes such as CD45RA, CD45RB, CD45RC and CD45RO. The expression of CD45 subtype molecules is related to the function of T lymphocytes, and with the differentiation, development and activation of cells, molecular subtypes can be converted. Recent studies show that epigenetic modification of CD45 gene DNA, DNA-binding protein and mutation of RNA splicing sites can regulate the splicing of different exons of CD45 and regulate the expression of different subtypes of CD45 on the surface of lymphocytes expression. The factors that regulate the retention or deletion of CD45 exon in mature transcripts may also ultimately regulate the expression of lymphocyte CD45 subtypes as well as lymphocyte function and may be associated with the development of clinical autoimmune, hematological, and oncological diseases Related.