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目的探讨长期接触工频电磁场对变电站作业人员体液免疫功能的影响。方法以单纯随机抽样方法抽取64名工龄5.0年以上的在500 k V变电站从事工频电磁场作业的人员为接触组,以57名无职业性接触工频电磁场的供电局后勤行政人员为对照组。采集2组人员肘静脉血,采用免疫比浊法测定血浆中免疫球蛋白(Ig)A、Ig G、Ig M、补体3和补体4水平。结果与对照组比较,接触组人群血浆中Ig A和Ig G水平均升高(P<0.05),补体3和补体4水平均下降(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,接触组工龄≤10.0年亚组人群血浆中Ig G水平升高(P<0.05),补体3和补体4水平均下降(P<0.05);接触组工龄>10.0年亚组人群血浆中补体4水平下降(P<0.05)。结论长期职业性接触工频电磁场可能对作业人群体液免疫功能产生一定的激活作用。
Objective To investigate the effect of long-term exposure to electromagnetic fields on the humoral immune function of substation workers. Methods Sixty-four persons working in power frequency electromagnetic field of 500k V substation over 500 years of age were selected as the contact group by a simple random sampling method, and 57 power management bureau logistic administrators without occupational exposure to power frequency electromagnetic field were used as the control group. The elbow venous blood was collected from 2 groups of patients, and the plasma immunoglobulin (Ig) A, Ig G, Ig M, complement 3 and complement 4 levels were measured by immunoturbidimetry. Results Compared with the control group, plasma IgA and Ig G levels in the exposed group were significantly increased (P <0.05), complement 3 and complement 4 levels were decreased (P <0.05). Compared with the control group, plasma Ig G level in the subgroup group (P <0.05) and complement 3 and complement 4 levels in the contact group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05) Plasma complement 4 levels decreased (P <0.05). Conclusion Long-term occupational exposure to EMF may have a certain activation effect on humoral immune function of working population.