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无论从环境污染受害人权益保护的角度,还是从环境污染风险管理和防范的角度,环境污染责任保险适用的要求都非常迫切。本文试图以侵权责任法环境损害赔偿的目标为出发点,指出借助社会化风险负担制度分散环境侵权风险的必然性,并据以论证环境污染责任保险是应对频发的环境污染损害的一个重要制度,也是解决环境保护司法实践困境的有效途径。同时,论文还将重点讨论环境侵权责任保险的司法适用问题,指出在司法实践中,对环境责任保险免责条款效力的认定问题、受害第三人请求权的行使、保证条款和通知义务违反的法律后果、保险利益转移规则和索赔期间起算点等在法律适用上应有别于其他保险合同。
In terms of protecting the rights and interests of victims of environmental pollution or from the perspective of risk management and prevention of environmental pollution, the requirements applicable to environmental pollution liability insurance are very urgent. This article tries to take tort liability law as the starting point of environmental damage compensation and points out the necessity to disperse the risk of environmental tort by means of socialized risk burden system. It is argued that environmental liability liability insurance is an important system to cope with frequent environmental pollution damage and also Effective Ways to Solve the Predicament of Judicial Practice of Environmental Protection. At the same time, the paper will also focus on the judicial application of liability for environmental tort liability, pointing out that in the judicial practice, the recognition of the validity of exemption clauses of environmental liability insurance, the enforcement of the claims of injured third parties, the guarantee clause and the law violating the notification obligation Consequences, the transfer of insurance interests and the commencement of the claim period, etc., should be distinguished from other insurance contracts in the application of law.