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2009年4月30日,美国风电累积装机容量已经达到28635MW,居世界第一。然而,风电并网是美国目前大规模风电场的唯一应用方式。由于风能的自身特性,导致风电的波动性、间歇性和不规则性,使电网难以承受大规模风电场的巨大电能,风电对电网的贡献率难以超过10%已成为一个世界性难题。因此,在未来的4～6年,随着美国风电的大规模发展,将不可避免地出现风电上网难的窘况,并严重制约美国风电产业的发展。针对这一世界性的难题,本文提出大规模非并网风电直接应用于美国的风电发展,未雨绸缪,并据此发展美国新型风电产业及相隅合的高载能产业。
April 30, 2009, the cumulative installed capacity of wind power in the United States has reached 28,635MW, ranking first in the world. However, wind power grid integration is the only application of large-scale wind farms in the United States. Owing to the characteristics of wind energy, the fluctuation, intermittence and irregularity of wind power make it difficult for the power grid to withstand the huge power of large-scale wind farms. It is a worldwide problem that the contribution of wind power to the power grid is hard to exceed 10%. Therefore, in the next 4 to 6 years, with the large-scale development of wind power in the United States, it will inevitably lead to difficulties in accessing wind power and serious constraints to the development of wind power industry in the United States. In response to this worldwide problem, this paper proposes that large-scale non-grid-connected wind power be applied directly to the development of wind power in the United States and plan ahead so as to develop the new wind power industry and the high-load energy industry in the United States.