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目的总结超低出生体重儿及超未成熟儿转归情况、相关影响因素及其改善方法。方法回顾性分析广州医学院第三附属医院2005年1月至2012年12月NICU收治的符合条件的177例超低出生体重儿及超未成熟儿的临床资料。结果 177例患儿治愈55例,好转35例,死亡63例,自动出院15例,转院9例,存活率50.8%(90/177)。影响超低出生体重儿及超未成熟儿的临床资料转归因素是胎龄、出生体重、性别、机械通气、肺出血、支气管肺发育不良、败血症(P<0.05,P<0.01)。死亡直接原因前4位大部分为呼吸系统疾病,分别是肺出血、呼吸窘迫综合征、败血症、新生儿肺炎。结论超低出生体重儿及超未成熟转归与胎龄及性别相关,呼吸系统疾病是影响其转归的重要疾病。
Objective To summarize the prognosis of ultra-low birth weight infants and infants, the influencing factors and ways of improvement. Methods The clinical data of 177 eligible infants with ultra-low birth weight and ultra-immature infants admitted to the NICU from January 2005 to December 2012 in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College were retrospectively analyzed. Results 177 cases of children were cured 55 cases, 35 cases improved, 63 cases died, 15 cases were discharged automatically, 9 cases transferred to hospital, the survival rate was 50.8% (90/177). The factors influencing the clinical data of ultra-low birth weight infants and ultra-immature infants were gestational age, birth weight, sex, mechanical ventilation, pulmonary hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and sepsis (P <0.05, P <0.01). The direct cause of death, the top 4 most of the respiratory diseases, namely pulmonary hemorrhage, respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, neonatal pneumonia. Conclusion The outcome of ultra-low birth weight infants and immature infants is related to gestational age and gender. Respiratory diseases are important prognostic factors.