A brain-computer interface (BCI) system is one of the most effective ways that translates brain signals into output commands.Different imagery activities can be classified based on the changes in μ and β rhythms and their spatial distributions.Multi-layer perceptron neural networks (MLP-NNs) are commonly used for classification.Training such MLP-NNs has great importance in a way that has attracted many researchers to this field recently.Conventional methods for training NNs,such as gradient descent and recursive methods,have some disadvantages including low accuracy,slow convergence speed and trapping in local minimums.In this paper,in order to overcome these issues,the MLP-NN trained by a hybrid population-physics-based algorithm,the combination of particle swarm optimization and gravitational search algorithm (PSOGSA),is proposed for our classification problem.To show the advantages of using PSOGSA that trains NNs,this algorithm is compared with other meta-heuristic algorithms such as particle swarm optimization (PSO),gravitational search algorithm (GSA) and new versions of PSO.The metrics that are discussed in this paper are the speed of convergence and classification accuracy metrics.The results show that the proposed algorithm in most subjects of encephalography (EEG) dataset has very better or acceptable performance compared to others.