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昆虫的性比关系到种群的繁殖与数量维持,而昆虫性信息素能被同种异性个体接受并产生与生殖相关的行为和生理反应.桑螟(Diaphania pyloalis Walker)是桑树的重要害虫,对其种群性比的调查及性信息素组分鉴定,有利于虫情预测及开发桑螟性信息素应用于诱捕和干扰交配等综合防治.调查江苏省镇江地区5-9月份露地桑园与大棚桑园内自然发生桑螟种群蛹期的平均雌性占比分别为86.98％和83.05％,单蛾交配后代的雌性占比为82.91％,且未发现有孤雌生殖发生.对桑螟处女蛾性腺的二氯甲烷和正己烷萃取物采用色谱-质谱鉴定其组分,发现了5种与已知昆虫性信息素类物质结构具有一定相似性的化合物,包括3,6,9-三环丙烷,十八酸甲酯、(3Z,16E)-5甲基十八碳二烯醇、(3Z,6Z,9Z)-十八碳三烯异丙酯、甲酸6Z,8-甲基,十四碳烯酯、(3Z,6Z,9Z)-十八碳三烯丁酯.研究结果表明,自然条件下桑螟的雌性明显偏多,这有利于利用性信息素诱杀技术防控其为害;从雌成虫性腺萃取物中分离鉴定的5种化学成分可作为性信息素候选物质进一步研究.“,”Insect sex ratio plays a key role in reproduction and quantity maintenance of its population.Insect sex pheromones can be received by allogeneic individuals and cause corresponding reproductive behaviour and physiological responses.Mulberry pyralid (D.pyloalis) is one of the key pests of mulberry.Investigation on sex ratio of mulberry pyralid population and identification of its sex pheromone components are beneficial to pest forecast and development of mulberry pyralid sex pheromones for pest trapping and mating interference.An investigation was performed in open mulberry garden and greenhouse mulberry garden in Zhenjiang,Jiangsu Province from May to September.The results showed that the natural ratio of females at pupal period of mulberry pyralid in the above two gardens was 86.98％ and 83.05％,respectively,and the offspring of pair mating had a female ratio of 82.91％.Besides,no parthenogernesis was found in mulberry pyralid.Methylene chloride and n-hexane extracts from gonad of mulberry pyralid virgin moth were analyzed by GC-MS to identify their components.Five compounds with similar structure to known insect sex pheromones were discovered.They are 2-[[2-[(2-Eth) Met] Cyc] Met] Cyc,Aci,Met,Est,E2,Z15,Me14-18:OH,Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Aci:Iso:Est,Me6,Z8-14:OAc and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Aci-4:Est.Our results showed that the female proportion of Diaphania pyIoalis Walker was significantly higher than the male proportion in natural condition,which will be beneficial to enhance the control effect of utilizing sex pheromone to attract and kill mulberry pyralid.The five chemicals isolated from gonad extract of mulberry pyralid female adult could be used as candidates of sex pheromone for further research.