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在日语语言学的研究中,动词一直占有重要的地位。日语动词根据场合、时间、立场的不同,既有“时”和“体”的变化,又有“自动”和“他动”的区别。从动词本身所表达的意义来看,日语动词又可大致分为动作动词、变化动词、状态动词等。日语动词的各种状态和分类之间的关系是既相互对立,又相互统一的关系。因此若想研究日语动词的种种状态,必须要在统一的原则下将这些对立关系充分展开,使其系统化条理化。本文以日语动词意义在不同领域的分类为基础,对其各种意义之间的对立统一关系进行了详细的阐述。
Verbs have always held an important place in the study of Japanese linguistics. Japanese verbs according to the occasion, time and position of the difference, both “time ” and “body ” changes, but also “automatic ” and “he move ” difference. Judging from the meaning of the verb itself, Japanese verbs can be roughly divided into action verbs, change verbs, state verbs and so on. The relationship between the various states and categories of Japanese verbs is both mutually antagonistic and mutually unifying. Therefore, if we want to study the various states of Japanese verbs, we must fully unveil them in a unified way and systematize them systematically. Based on the classification of Japanese verb meaning in different fields, this paper elaborates on the unity of opposites in all kinds of meanings.