论文部分内容阅读
战后,随着医药学的进步、生活环境的改善、预防接种对策的推行和防疫体制的充实等,使得日本的急性传染病(霍乱、伤寒、菌痢、白喉、日本脑炎、脊髓灰质炎等)的患者数、死亡数都显著地减少了。最近,随着对这些疾病的监测体制的加强,一般说来,虽然都是较轻的病人,但是对偶尔发生严重的合并症和后遗症,每年反复流行,有时甚至引起爆发流行的疾病,充实其监视体制,经常从患者数和病原体两方面进行监测,全面地掌握传染病的动态,及早地或准确地采取对策,如此日积月累,加上长期的观察,使传染病防治对策的情报系统化已成为重要课题。
After the war, Japan’s acute infectious diseases (cholera, typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery, diphtheria, Japanese encephalitis, and polio) were brought about with the advancement of medical science, improvement of living environment, implementation of vaccination strategies, and enhancement of the epidemic prevention system. The number of patients and deaths were significantly reduced. Recently, with the strengthening of the surveillance system for these diseases, generally speaking, although all patients are lighter, serious complications and sequelae occur occasionally and are repeated every year, sometimes causing outbreaks of epidemic diseases. The surveillance system constantly monitors the number of patients and pathogens, comprehensively grasps the dynamics of infectious diseases, and takes measures as soon as possible or accurately. Over time, over time, and with long-term observations, systematization of information for prevention and control of infectious diseases has become important topic.