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室内环境风险因素暴露对儿童哮喘发作和哮喘症状加重有不利影响。本文分析亚洲地区主要室内空气污染物暴露与儿童哮喘患病之间的关系,和该暴露对哮喘症状加重影响的最新进展。作者检索了PUBMED,Medline,Cochrane图书馆和会议论文集等数据库中与室内空气污染和亚洲儿童哮喘患病之间关系的相关文献做进一步流行病学研究。以往一致的证据显示室内空气污染增加了亚洲儿童哮喘、过敏和呼吸系统症状的患病率。但是,发表的文献指出由于各种物理、人为等因素对室内空气质量的影响,室内污染物暴露水平呈现不断变化。与儿童哮喘发病密切相关的主要室内空气污染风险因素包括:空气颗粒物,二氧化氮,被动吸烟和空气中的动物源性过敏原。针对这些风险因素造成的室内空气污染,已经制定了一些有效的预防措施。亚洲儿童室内环境暴露于空气污染有害因素比较普遍;如果给予适当的预防管理措施,环境暴露可以减少。然而,减少暴露是否会降低亚洲儿童哮喘患病及哮喘症状加重还未见文献报道。
Exposure of indoor environmental risk factors adversely affects childhood asthma attacks and asthma exacerbations. This article examines the relationship between exposure to major indoor air pollutants in Asia and the prevalence of asthma in children and the recent advances in the impact of this exposure on asthma symptoms. The authors searched for additional epidemiological studies of the literature related to indoor air pollution and the prevalence of asthma in Asian children in databases such as PUBMED, Medline, the Cochrane Library and conference proceedings. Previously consistent evidence shows that indoor air pollution increases the prevalence of asthma, allergy and respiratory symptoms in Asian children. However, the published literature indicates that indoor pollutant exposure levels are constantly changing due to various physical and anthropogenic effects on indoor air quality. Risk factors for major indoor air pollution that are closely linked to the onset of asthma in children include airborne particulates, nitrogen dioxide, passive smoking, and animal-derived allergens in the air. In response to the indoor air pollution caused by these risk factors, some effective precautionary measures have been put in place. Asian children indoor environment exposure to air pollution is more harmful factors; if given appropriate preventive measures, environmental exposure can be reduced. However, it has not been reported in the literature whether reducing exposure will reduce the prevalence of asthma in Asian children and exacerbating asthma symptoms.