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目的了解昆明地区呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)在小儿急性下呼吸道感染中的发生率和临床特征。方法对昆明市儿童医院2006年4月至2007年4月临床诊断为急性下呼吸道感染的住院患儿1112例行痰间接免役荧光法检测呼吸道合胞病毒抗原。结果1112例标本中,阳性276例,阳性率24.82%,其中男190例(17.09%),女86例(7.73%),男女发病比例为2.21∶1。全年均可检出RSV,发生率最高的是10~12月份(30.15%),最低的是4~6月份(10.93%)。RSV感染多见于3岁以下,尤以6个月以下患儿感染率最高(36.22%)。结论呼吸道合胞病毒是引起昆明地区小儿急性下呼吸道感染的主要病原,特别是婴幼儿感染率最高。
Objective To understand the incidence and clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection in Kunming. Methods Respiratory syncytial virus antigen was detected in 1112 hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infection in Kunming Children’s Hospital from April 2006 to April 2007 by indirect immunofluorescence. Results Among the 1112 specimens, 276 were positive, with a positive rate of 24.82%, of which 190 (17.09%) were male and 86 (7.73%) were female, with a ratio of 2.21:1. RSV can be detected throughout the year, the highest incidence of 10 to December (30.15%), the lowest is from April to June (10.93%). RSV infection more common in children under 3 years of age, especially in children under 6 months the highest infection rate (36.22%). Conclusion Respiratory syncytial virus is the main cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children in Kunming area, especially the highest infection rate in infants.