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上世纪二三十年代,世界上发现的石油资源绝大部分都在海相地层中,勘探实践所提供的客观事实,使西方许多地质家形成了只有海相才能生油的概念。1941年,潘钟祥先生首次提出“中国陆相生油”。长期以来,海相生油与陆相生油一直存在争论。中国的石油地质家经过几十年的勘探,不仅在诸多的中新生代陆相沉积盆地发现了丰富的石油,而且还找到了大庆、胜利等亿吨级的大油田。实践证明,中国学者坚持的海相能生油陆相也能生油的认识是正确的。海相烃源岩和陆相烃源岩都是在半咸水、咸水沉积环境中形成的,大陆架、大陆坡是海相烃源岩发育的理想环境,而内陆咸化湖盆中的深水凹陷(或洼陷)则是陆相烃源岩发育的最好环境。同时,海相烃源岩和陆相烃源岩中有机物质的主要来源均为半咸水、咸水水体环境中发育的浮游藻类。因此,海相生油与陆相生油并没有本质的区别,都是烃源岩生油理论的一个组成部分,不存在独立的海相生油理论或独立的陆相生油理论。二者唯一的区别,就是陆相烃源岩的Ⅰ型干酪根比海相烃源岩的Ⅱ型干酪根品质更好,生油能力更强。
In the 1920s and 1930s, most of the oil resources discovered in the world were in the marine strata. The objective facts provided by the exploration practice made many Western geologists form the concept that only the marine oil can generate oil. In 1941, Mr. Pan Zhongxiang first proposed “China land oil”. For a long time, there has been controversy over marine oil production and continental oil production. After decades of exploration, China’s petroleum geologists have not only found abundant oil in many Meso-Cenozoic continental sedimentary basins, but also found large oil fields such as Daqing and Shengli. Practice has proved that it is correct for Chinese scholars to adhere to the understanding that the marine facies can generate oil from the oil phase. Both marine source rocks and continental source rocks are formed in brackish and saltwater sedimentary environments. The continental shelf and continental slope are the ideal environments for the development of marine source rocks. However, deep-water sags in inland salinized lakes (Or depression) is the best environment for the development of terrestrial source rocks. At the same time, the main sources of organic matter in marine source rocks and continental source rocks are halophytes and saltwater. Therefore, there is no essential difference between marine oil production and continental oil production, and they are all an integral part of the oil source rock oil production theory. There is no independent theory of marine oil production or independent theory of continental oil production. The only difference between the two is that the type I kerogens in the continental source rocks are better than the type II kerogens in the marine source rocks and have a higher ability to produce oil.