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以取自低纬高原云南玉溪烟区不同地域稻田(峨山,E)、麦田(北城1,B1;北城2,B2)、山坡旱地(新平,X)和菜地(通海四街,T1;通海桑园,T2)的6种不同利用方式土壤盆栽种植烟草品种K326,研究了在相同气候背景和水肥管理条件下,不同土壤对K326生长和光合生理的影响。结果表明:K326在山坡旱地土、稻田土和麦田土上生长较菜地土上好(北城1除外),且新平烟叶净光合速率(Pn)较高,新平和峨山烟叶气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)较大,而气孔限制值(Ls)、水分利用效率(WUE)和内在水分利用效率(IWUE)较小。分析表明,麦田和菜地土壤上生长的K326其Pn主要受气孔因素的影响,而稻田土壤上K326的Pn主要受羧化能力低、光合色素和可溶性蛋白含量低等非气孔因素的影响。峨山和新平K326的气孔调节能力较差,其较高的土壤含水量使Gs增大,Tr上升,从而导致WUE下降。各土壤处理烟叶的鲜重含水量和自然水分饱和亏没有显著差异,菜地土烟叶单位面积含水量显著低于稻田土,与其比叶重(SLM)有一定联系。结果说明了土壤对烟草的影响较为复杂,既与土壤本身的特性有关,又与不同土壤条件下植物本身的生理特性有关。
Based on the data from the paddy fields (Asan, E), wheat fields (Beicheng 1, B1; Beicheng 2, B2), hillside dry land (Xinping, X) and vegetable fields Mulberry, T2) were planted in soil pots to cultivate tobacco variety K326. The effects of different soils on K326 growth and photosynthetic physiology under the same climatic background and water and fertilizer management were studied. The results showed that: K326 grew better than vegetable soil in upland soil, paddy soil and wheat field soil (excluding Beicheng 1), and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of Xinping tobacco leaf was higher than that of vegetable soil. Stomatal conductance (Gs) , Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and transpiration rate (Tr), but stomatal limitation (Ls), water use efficiency (WUE) and internal water use efficiency (IWUE) were smaller. The results showed that the Pn of K326 growing on wheat and vegetable soil was mainly influenced by stomatal factors. However, the Pn of K326 in paddy soil was mainly affected by the low carboxylation, low photosynthetic pigment and soluble protein content. Espine and Xinping K326 had poor stomatal regulation, and their higher soil moisture led to an increase in Gs and Tr, resulting in a decrease in WUE. There was no significant difference between the fresh weight and the natural water saturation of the treated tobacco leaves. The water content per unit area of the tobacco leaves in the vegetable soil was significantly lower than that of the paddy soils, and had a certain relationship with the specific leaf weight (SLM). The results showed that the impact of soil on tobacco is more complicated, which is not only related to the characteristics of soil itself, but also related to the physiological characteristics of plants under different soil conditions.